The suspension guide is made on four transverse swing arms 13 and 36 (pic. 156), to which two knuckles are pivotally attached using ball joints 14 and 45. The upper arm 13 of the suspension is connected by an axle to the front end of the body, and the lower arm 36 is suspended by means of an axle 35 on bolts 37 to the cross member 30 of the suspension. The latter, in turn, is attached by means of a bracket 29 to the side members of the body. Distance washers 28 and shims 27 are installed between the axis of the lower arm and the cross member. By changing the number of washers 27, the longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation and the camber of the front wheels are adjusted. Both suspension arms are connected to the axles through rubber-metal hinges, which ensure backlash-free connection of these parts.
Pic. 156. Front suspension:
1 - front wheel hub bearings; 2 - hub cap; 3 - adjusting nut; 4 - washer; 5 - swivel pin; 6 - wheel hub; 7 - stuffing box; 8 - brake disc; 9 - ball pin of the upper support; 10 - rotary fist; 11 - protective cover of the ball pin; 12 - bearing of the upper support; 13 - upper suspension arm; 14 - bearing housing of the upper support; 15 - compression stroke buffer; 16 - compression stroke buffer bracket; 17 - shock absorber support glass; 18 - shock absorber mounting pads; 19 - pillow washer; 20 - insulating gasket of the suspension spring; 21 - upper support cup of the suspension spring; 22 - the axis of the upper suspension arm; 23 - inner bushing of the hinge; 24 - outer bushing of the hinge; 25 - rubber bushing of the hinge; 26 - support washer; 27 - adjusting washers; 28 - remote washer; 29 - bracket for fastening the cross member to the side member of the body; 30 - cross member of the front suspension; 31 - stabilizer bar mounting bracket; 32 - stabilizer bar cushion; 33 - stabilizer bar; 34 - body spar; 35 - the axis of the lower arm; 36 - lower suspension arm; 57 - bolts for fastening the axis of the lower arm; 38 - suspension spring; 39 - clip mounting the stabilizer bar; 40 - shock absorber; 41 - shock absorber mounting bolt; 42 - nut for fastening the shock absorber to the suspension arm; 43 - shock absorber mounting bracket to the lower suspension arm; 44 - lower support cup; 45 - holder of the liner of the lower support; 46 - bearing housing of the lower support; 47 - ball pin holder insert; 48 - bearing of the lower support; 49 - ball pin; 50 - limiter for turning the front wheels.
The elastic element of the suspension is a coil spring 38, which rests with its upper end through the support cup 21 with a rubber gasket 20 on the front end of the body. The lower end of the spring rests on the support cup 44 of the lower arm.
Lateral roll of the body when turning the car is reduced by the anti-roll bar, made in the form of a rod 33 of spring steel. The wheel hub 6 is mounted on the pivot of the steering knuckle on two tapered roller bearings 7, which are pressed with an adjusting nut 3. On the inside, a self-clamping oil seal is installed in the hub socket, and on the outside the cavity of the hub is closed with a cap 2. The brake disc 8 is attached to the hub flange with two guide pins and clamping ring, and bolts - wheel disk.
Damping suspension elements - shock absorbers - are described below.