Checking the starter on the stand

Data for checking the starter:

• Current consumption, A, not more than:
• at maximum power - 260
• in the inhibited state - 500
• at idle - 35 (60*)

* For starter 35.3708.

To verify the efficiency of the starter, check its electrical and mechanical characteristics on the stand. The electrical connection diagram for testing the starter on the stand is shown in fig. 234. Connecting wires to the current source, ammeter and contact bolt of the starter traction relay must have a cross section of at least 16 mm². The starter must be powered by a fully charged battery, the temperature during the checks must be (25±5) °C, and the brushes must be well ground to the collector.

Health check

Closing switch 5, at a current source voltage of 12 V, make four starts of the starter with different braking conditions, for example, with braking torques of 0.2-0.24; 0.55-0.66; 0.9-1.08 and 1.15-1.25 kgf·m. The duration of each starter activation should be no more than 5 s, and the intervals between starts should be at least 5 s.

If the starter does not rotate the ring gear of the stand or its operation is accompanied by abnormal noise, then disassemble the starter and check its parts.

Full brake test

Slow down the ring gear of the stand, turn on the starter and measure the current strength, voltage and braking torque, which should be no more than 500 A, no more than 6.5 V and no less than 1.4 kgf·m, respectively. The duration of the starter activation should be no more than 5 s.

If the braking torque is lower and the current strength is higher than the specified values, then the interturn short circuit in the stator and armature windings or the short circuit of the windings to the housing may be the reason for this. When the braking torque and current consumption are below the previously indicated values, the cause may be oxidation and pollution of the collector, severe wear of the brushes or a decrease in the elasticity of their springs, hanging in the brush holders, loosening of the stator winding leads, oxidation or burning of the contact bolts of the traction relay.

When the gear is fully braked, the starter armature should not rotate; if it does, the freewheel is faulty. To troubleshoot, disassemble the starter and replace damaged parts.

Idling test

Disengage the ring gear of the stand from engagement with the starter gear. Turn on the starter and measure the current consumption and armature speed, which should be no more than 35 A, respectively (60 A for starter 35.3708) and 5000⁺⁵⁰⁰_-800 min^-1 when the voltage at the starter terminals is 11.5-12 V.

If the current strength and rotational speed of the armature shaft differ from the indicated values, then the reasons may be the same as in the previous test.

Checking the traction relay

Install between restrictor ring 34 (see fig. 232) and gear spacer 12.8 mm thick and turn on the relay. For a single winding relay, check the current consumption, which should be no more than 23 A. For a two winding relay, check the relay turn-on voltage, which should be no more than 9 V at ambient temperature (20±5) °C.

Checking mechanical data

Check the spring pressure on the brushes with a dynamometer, which for new brushes should be 1±0.1 kgf. If the brushes are worn out to a height of 12 mm, then replace them after grinding them to the collector.

The axial free play of the armature shaft should be 0.07-0.7 mm. If it is not in this limit, then disassemble the starter and select the thickness and number of shims 20 (pic. 235).



The starter drive must move freely, without noticeable jamming, along the splined shaft and return from its working position to its original position under the action of the relay armature return spring. When turning the drive gear in the direction of rotation of the armature, the latter should not rotate. The gear must rotate relative to the armature shaft under the action of a moment of no more than 2.8 kgf cm.