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Pic. 16. Clutch: 1. Clutch housing; 2 Support sleeve of the clutch release fork shaft; 3. Clutch release fork; 4 Clutch release bearing; 5. Pressure spring; 6. Driven disk; 7. Flywheel; 8. Pressure plate; 9. Scale for checking the ignition timing; 10. A bolt of fastening of coupling to a flywheel; 11. Clutch cover; 12. Pressure spring support rings; 13. Guide sleeve of the clutch release bearing; 14. Gearbox input shaft seal; 15. Input shaft bearing; 16. Primary shaft; 17. Sleeve of a shaft of a plug of deenergizing of coupling; 18. Protective cover of the clutch release fork; 19. Friction lining of the driven disk; 20. Front damper plate; 21. Damper friction rings; 22. Hub of the driven disk; 23. Damper stop; 24. Rear damper plate; 25. Damper spring; 26. Spring washer support ring; 27. Spring washer damper; 28. Plate connecting the clutch cover to the pressure plate; 29. Clutch release bearing; 30. Connecting spring fork and clutch release bearing.
The clutch is attached to the flywheel 7 with six bolts and three dowel pins that center the clutch on the flywheel. It is closed by an aluminum crankcase 1, which is attached to the engine block. On the engine side, the clutch housing is closed by top and bottom covers. The top cover has a scale of 9 with divisions, and on the flywheel there is a mark by which the ignition moment is set and checked. For this purpose, an inspection hatch is made on the crankcase. A sleeve 2 is pressed into the hole of the lower tide of the clutch housing, on which the lower end of the clutch release fork 3 rests. The upper end of the fork enters the plastic sleeve 17. The fork lever goes out through the hatch and is connected to the clutch release cable. At the output, the fork lever is sealed with a protective cover 18.
In the clutch housing there are sockets for bearings of the primary and secondary shafts of the gearbox. The input shaft bearing 15 is sealed with an oil seal 14. A guide sleeve 14 of the clutch 29 of the clutch release bearing is bolted to the inner end of the seat of this bearing.
The leading part of the clutch, consisting of casing 11, pressure plate 8 and pressure spring 5, is made in one piece and has a rigid connection with the flywheel. This part of the clutch is designed to transmit torque to the driven part of the clutch. The clutch cover 11 is stamped from special steel. Three pairs of elastic plates 28 are riveted to it, connecting the clutch cover to the pressure plate 8. Such an elastic connection ensures the transmission of torque from the clutch cover to the pressure plate and axial movement of the pressure plate in the casing when the clutch is released. In addition, due to the elasticity of the connecting plates, the pressure plate is retracted from the driven disc when the clutch is released. Support rings 12 of round section are welded in the sockets of the casing. They are supports for the pressure spring 5, relative to which it deflects when the clutch is released.
The pressure plate 8 is cast iron, has three lugs, through the holes of which the rivets for fastening the elastic plates 28 pass. On the side of the clutch housing, the pressure plate has recesses for ventilation of the clutch and an annular protrusion against which the outer edge of the pressure spring presses.
The pressure spring 5 is stamped from sheet steel and has the shape of a truncated cone. Radial slots dividing the spring into twelve sectors form petals on the surface of the spring that act as clutch release levers. The slots on the periphery pass into shaped holes, into which, during assembly, the protrusions of the clutch casing enter, after which their ends are bent by 100-110°. In this case, the spring is placed between the support rings 12. The ends of the petals at the point of contact with the clutch release bearing are bent to rounding. The pressure spring is phosphated and shot blasted.
The driven part of the clutch consists of a driven disk 6 assembled with friction linings 19 and a torsional vibration damper (damper). The driven part is located on the splines of the input shaft of the gearbox and, taking torque from the parts of the driving part, transfers it to shaft 16.
The driven disk is steel with figured slots dividing it into eight petals bent in different directions. This gives a wave-like shape to the working surface of the disc. Friction linings 19 are independently riveted to the petals of the driven disk with steel rivets. Thus, both linings are riveted to each petal, each with its own rivet. Such fastening of the linings preserves the wavy surface of the driven disk, and this ensures smooth engagement of the clutch, since the driven disk becomes flat gradually, as the force of pressing it against the flywheel surface increases. In this case, the driven disk initially slips relative to the surfaces of the flywheel and pressure plate, and the transmitted torque increases gradually. This protects the transmission parts from overload and ensures smooth starting. For the same purpose, as well as to dampen torsional vibrations, the driven disk is connected to the hub 22 through the details of the torsional vibration damper, which provide an elastic connection between them. The hub flange has six rectangular windows and three horseshoe cutouts. Stops 23 of the absorber pass through them, which connect the front 20 and rear 24 damper plates with the driven disk. In the damper plates and in the driven disk, as well as in the hub, there are rectangular windows in which there are three pairs of springs 25 of different elasticity and color of the coating. Springs of the same color are located opposite each other. The use of springs of different and specific elasticity expands the damper's area of action and provides the desired characteristic of its operation. Friction rings 21 are installed on both sides of the flange: one is steel, the other is made of friction material. Spring washer 27 damper through the support ring 26 creates a constant moment of friction between the surfaces of the friction rings and the hub.
The clutch is released through a mechanical drive, the force from which is transmitted through the fork lever 3 to the clutch 29 of the clutch release bearing. The clutch 29 assembled with the bearing 4 is located on the guide sleeve 13. The fork 3 of the clutch is pressed against the protrusions of the clutch by the spring 30.